[Botany • 2022] Curcuma sixsensesensis & C. vinhlinhensis (Zingiberaceae, sect. Ecomata) • Two New Taxa from coastal Central Vietnam

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[Botany • 2022] Curcuma sixsensesensis & C. vinhlinhensis (Zingiberaceae, sect. Ecomata) • Two New Taxa from coastal Central Vietnam

Curcuma vinhlinhensis D.D. Nguyen & T.A. Le,

in Nguyen, Le, Hoang, Le & Nguyen, 2022.  

 smujo.id/biodiv 

Abstract

 Curcuma sixsensesensis and Curcuma vinhlinhensis, two new species belonging to subgenus Ecomata from Coastal Central Vietnam, are described and illustrated in the present articles. The C. sixsensesensis easily gets confused with C. newmanii Škorni?k. in compact rhizome; short lateral inflorescence composing of a few bracts; white corolla lobes and lateral staminodes; white labellum with a yellow mid-rid band but readily distinguished in rhomboid lateral staminodes (vs. obovate) with apex acuminated (vs. rounded); labellum 3-lobed (vs. emarginated), a mid-rid band being yellow at apex half, white at the base (vs. yellow throughout); anther crest presented (vs. reduced); oblong (lightly arching) (vs. L- shaped) anther in side view with slender and inward-pointing (vs. stout and outward-facing) spurs. The second one is similar to C. pambrosima Škorni?k. & N. S. Lý in general habit and shape of the spike but differs in reduced ligule ca. 1 (vs. 4-5) mm long; lateral staminodes orange throughout (vs. yellow at apex, white at base), elliptic with round apex (vs. unequally ovate-rhomboid with acute apex); anther spurs elongate into the acute apex, outward-facing (vs. curved inward), ca. 2-3 (vs. ca. 1,5) mm long, anther crest reduced, up to 0.5 mm, 2-lobed (vs. prominent anther crest, ca. 1.5 mm apex round). Data for each described species comprises standard citation of type specimens, description, proposed species epithet etymology, data on ecology and distribution, and short taxonomic notes and morphological comparison of these new species with its allies species, a revised key to species of Curcuma sect. Ecomata in Vietnam is included.

Keywords: Curcuma sixsensesensis, C. vinhlinhensis, Khanh Hoa, Quang Tri, Zingiberaceae

Curcuma sixsensesensis D.D. Nguyen & T.A. Le:
 A. habitat; B. and C. inflorescences with opening flowers;
D. habit with rhizome and young inflorescence; E. habit with a leafy shoot at late anthesis; F. ligule;
H-H”: detail of anther; I: ovary with epigynous glands; J: detail of calyx apex.

Photographed by Six Senses Ninh Van Bay team (A—E, H, G from type specimen LTA-1220); 

T.A.Le (G’, H’, H”, I, J, F from specimen LTA-1220 treated alcohol)

Curcuma sixsensesensis D.D. Nguyen & T.A. Le, sp. nov. 

Diagnosis: New species is similar to C. newmanii Škorničk. in a compact rhizome, short lateral inflorescence composed of a few bracts, white corolla lobes and lateral staminodes, white labellum with the yellow mid-rid band but readily distinguished in lateral staminodes being rhomboid (vs. obovate) with apex acuminated (vs. rounded); labellum 3-lobed (vs. emarginated), the mid-rid band being yellow at apex half, white at the base (vs. yellow throughout); anther crest presented (vs. reduced); oblong (lightly arching) (vs. L- shaped) anther in side view with slender and inward-pointing (vs. stout and outward facing) spurs. 

Etymology: The specific epithet sixsensesensis is derived from Six Senses Ninh Van Bay Resort, the name of an ecology resort where the new species occur around and thanks to the resort management board for supporting our floristic investigation as long as conserving the wild environment around. 

Habitat, ecology and phenology. Under the canopy of coastal semi-deciduous forests at elevations 150–200 m. The flowering period coincides with the beginning of the rainy season in Coastal Central Vietnam from August to October.

     

Curcuma vinhlinhensis D.D. Nguyen & T.A. Le: 
A. habit; B. flower in front view; C. single flower with calyx tube D. Rhizome; E. inflorescence; F. lamia with petiole; G. ligule; H. bracts (from left: bracts at the base to the top of inflorescence); I. flower dissection (from left: calyx, dorsal and lateral corolla lobes, lateral staminode, labellum, a floral tube attached stamen, ovary and epigynous glands).

 Photographed by T.A. Le

Curcuma vinhlinhensis D.D. Nguyen & T.A. Le sp. nov. 

 Diagnosis. similar to C. pambrosima Škorničk. & N.S.Lý in general habit and shape of the spike but differs in lateral staminodes being orange throughout (vs. yellow at apex, white at base), elliptic with round apex (vs. unequally ovate-rhomboid with acute apex), anther spurs conical, elongated into the acute apex, outward-facing (vs. cylindrical, curved inward), ca. 2-3 (vs. ca. 1,5) mm long, reduced anther crest up to 0.5 mm, 2-lobed (vs. prominent anther crest ca. 1.5 mm, apex round) 

Etymology: The specific epithet vinhlinhensis is derived from Vinh Linh District, the hometown of the third author, where this species was first collected. 

Habitat, ecology and phenology. Cultivated on Bazan soil by local people as a source of starch for traditional food in the elevation of about 0-100 m. The flowering period coincides with the beginning of the rainy season in Coastal Central Vietnam from August to October.

  

Danh Duc Nguyen, Tuan Anh Le, Quoc Huy Hoang, Quoc Thuong Le and Emmy Nguyen. 2022.  Two New Taxa of Curcuma sect. Ecomata (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), from coastal Central Vietnam. Biodiversitas. 23: 2512-2519.  smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/10603

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